eprintid: 1732 rev_number: 11 eprint_status: archive userid: 6 dir: disk0/00/00/17/32 datestamp: 2016-09-15 11:43:25 lastmod: 2017-02-08 12:21:40 status_changed: 2016-09-15 11:43:25 type: article metadata_visibility: show creators_name: Pancras, Joseph Patrick creators_name: Norris, Gary A. creators_name: Landis, Matthew S. creators_name: Kovalcik, Kasey D. creators_name: McGee, John K. creators_name: Kamal, Ali S. corp_creators: Alion Science and Technology, United States corp_creators: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Research Triangle Park, United States corp_creators: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Research Triangle Park, United States corp_creators: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Research Triangle Park, United States corp_creators: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Research Triangle Park, United States corp_creators: Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education,United States title: Application of ICP-OES for evaluating energy extraction and production wastewater discharge impacts on surface waters in Western Pennsylvania subjects: O subjects: RU10 subjects: SHU divisions: SHEER full_text_status: none keywords: Conventional and unconventional oil and natural gas wastewaters; Electric power generating stations wastewaters; Hydraulic fracturing; Public drinking water intakes; Inorganic elemental composition abstract: Oil and gas extraction and coal-fired electrical power generating stations produce wastewaters that are treated and discharged to rivers in Western Pennsylvania with public drinking water system (PDWS) intakes. Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) was used to quantify inorganic species in wastewater and river samples using a method based on EPA Method 200.7 rev4.4. A total of 53 emission lines from 30 elements (Al, As, B, Ba, Ca, Cd, Ce, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, P, Pb, S, Sb, Se, Si, Sn, Sr, Ti, Tl, V, and Zn) were investigated. Samples were prepared by microwave-assisted acid digestion using a mixture of 2% HNO3 and 0.5% HCl. Lower interferences and better detection characteristics resulted in selection of alternative wavelengths for Al, As, Sb, Mg, Mo, and Na. Radial view measurements offered accurate determinations of Al, Ba, K, Li, Na, and Sr in high-brine samples. Spike recovery studies and analyses of reference materials showed 80–105% recoveries for most analytes. This method was used to quantify species in samples with high to low brine concentrations with method detection limits a factor of 2 below the maximum contaminant limit concentrations of national drinking water standards. Elements B, Ca, K, Li, Mg, Na, and Sr were identified as potential tracers for the sources impacting PDWS intakes. Usability of the ICP-OES derived data for factor analytic model applications was also demonstrated. date: 2015 date_type: published publication: Science of The Total Environment volume: 529 publisher: Elsevier pagerange: 21-29 id_number: doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.04.011 issn: 0048-9697 official_url: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.04.011 access_IS-EPOS: limited owner: Publisher citation: Pancras, Joseph Patrick and Norris, Gary A. and Landis, Matthew S. and Kovalcik, Kasey D. and McGee, John K. and Kamal, Ali S. (2015) Application of ICP-OES for evaluating energy extraction and production wastewater discharge impacts on surface waters in Western Pennsylvania. Science of The Total Environment, 529. pp. 21-29. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.04.011