?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.relation=https%3A%2F%2Fepisodesplatform.eu%2Feprints%2F1680%2F&rft.title=Preese+Hall+shale+gas+fracturing+review+and+recommendations+for+induced+seismic+mitigation&rft.creator=GREEN%2C+Christopher+A.&rft.creator=Styles%2C+Peter&rft.creator=BAPTIE%2C+Brian+J&rft.subject=Lancashire&rft.subject=Unconventional+hydrocarbon+extraction&rft.subject=Method+and+procesing&rft.description=A+series+of+studies+were+commissioned+by+Cuadrilla+Resources+Ltd+to+examine+the+possible+relationship+between+hydraulic+fracture+operations+at+the+Preese+Hall+well%2C+near+Blackpool%2C+and+a+number+of+earthquakes+which+occurred+in+April+and+May+2011%2C+the+largest+of+which+had+a+magnitude+of+2.3+ML.+The+reports+from+these+studies+conclude+that+the+earthquake+activity+was+caused+by+direct+fluid+injection+into+an+adjacent+fault+zone+during+the+treatments%2C+but+that+the+probability+of+further+earthquake+activity+is+low.+The+reports+analyse+the+earthquake+activity+and+use+available+geological+and+geophysical+data%2C+including+background+geology%2C+well+logs+and+core+samples%2C+along+with+fracture+treatment+data%2C+to+develop+a+conceptual+geomechanical+model.+A+numerical+model+consisting+of+a+single+fault+plane+in+a+rock+matrix+was+used+to+simulate+the+induced+seismicity%2C+compare+with+observations%2C+and+estimate+maximum+magnitudes+for+induced+earthquakes.+A+critical+magnitude+at+which+damaging+ground+motions+might+occur+was+estimated+using+the+German+DIN4150+standard%2C+and+a+simple+relationship+suggested+for+ground+motions+as+a+function+of+magnitude+and+distance.+Finally%2C+a+protocol+for+controlling+operational+activity+is+proposed.+This+builds+on+extensive+Enhanced+Geothermal+System+experience+and+uses+a+traffic+light+system+based+on+real-time+monitoring+of+seismic+activity.&rft.publisher=British+Geological+Survey&rft.date=2012-04&rft.type=Reports&rft.type=NonPeerReviewed&rft.identifier=++GREEN%2C+Christopher+A.+and+Styles%2C+Peter+and+BAPTIE%2C+Brian+J++(2012)+Preese+Hall+shale+gas+fracturing+review+and+recommendations+for+induced+seismic+mitigation.++Technical+Report.+British+Geological+Survey%2C+London+UK.+++++&rft.relation=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.uk%2Fgovernment%2Fpublications%2Fpreese-hall-shale-gas-fracturing-review-and-recommendations-for-induced-seismic-mitigation