%0 Journal Article
%@ 0033-4553
%A Talebi, Shahrair
%A Boone, Tom J.
%A CANMET, Canada,
%A Imperial Oil Resources Ltd., Canada,
%D 1998
%F epos:1510
%I Springer Verlag
%J Pure and Applied Geophysics
%K Water injection, microseismic events, source parameters.
%N 1
%P 113-130
%T Source Parameters of Injection-induced Microseismicity
%U https://episodesplatform.eu/eprints/1510/
%V 153
%X We analyze source parameters of microseismic events (M < − 1) associated with high flow-rate water injections in a shale formation at a depth of 220 m. Two types of events were observed several hundred impulsive events with clear P- and S-wave arrivals, and continuous emissions with peaked spectra detected well into the experiment. For a representative collection of impulsive events, an −2 model provided satisfactory fits to displacement spectra corrected for attenuation, and average quality factors of 34 and 15 were obtained for P and S waves. P-wave first motion analysis and E S  /E P ratios indicated the existence of a non-double-couple component in some events, particularly early in the experiment. A clear difference was observed for estimates of stress release parameters as non-double-couple events had smaller stress drops and apparent stresses. The seismic efficiency of double-couple and non-double-couple events was limited to 0.9% and 0.05% respectively, with average values being 0.25% and 0.02%. A comparison of our results with those reported for a similar magnitude range in a hard-rock formation indicates considerably smaller estimates of stress drop and apparent stress in our case while seismic efficiencies are comparable.